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A discussion of their effect on the overall protection used on series compensated lines. First, however, a brief review will be presented on the application and protection of series capacitors. Series capacitors are applied to negate a percentage of and hence reduce the overall inductive reac-tance of a transmission line.
Two main types of series compensation used are fixed capacitor series compensation and controllable capacitor series compensation, each with their own advantages . Two different line configurations are used in practice according to position of the compensating device on the circuit; end-line compensation and mid-line compensation.
The benefits of applying series capacitors on a transmission line include improved stability margins, better load division on parallel paths, ability to adjust line load levels, reduced transmission losses, and reduced voltage drop on the system during severe disturbances.
It is advisable to make a modification in the relay settings to accommodate the series compensation, only when it is established that the capacitor is invariably going to be part of the fault circuit for a fault after compensator . However, over-voltage protection of the series capacitor could bypass the capacitor from the faulted circuit.
As mentioned earlier, protective equipment is applied to the series capacitor to protect it from the excessive voltages which can occur during faults. This equipment takes one of two basic forms: a parallel power gap or a metal-oxide varistor (MOV).
As noted previously, the protection on the series capacitors will modify the voltage and current sig-nals and hence the relay performance. In the case of series capacitors protected by trigger gaps, when the capacitor voltage reaches the trigger level, the capacitor is immediately bypassed.
Compensation System are the following components: • Capacitors: May be fuseless, internally fused or externally fused. • Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV): The MOV is connected in parallel with …
Series capacitor banks are made up of series and parallel combinations of capacitor elements as required in order to achieve the desired bank rating. This chapter shows that the relay …
The protection of shunt capacitor needsunits apprehension of the fundamentals of capacitor bank construction and capacitor unit connections. Shunt capacitor units are systems of …
Three single-phase banks of capacitors are used for series compensation. Each capaci- Each capaci- tor must be protected agains t overvoltages by air gaps or Metal Oxide …
It gives brief information about series capacitor protection as well. The paper also explains the generic guidelines for setting the Zone 1, Zone 2 and Zone 3 distance …
The Parallel Combination of Capacitors. A parallel combination of three capacitors, with one plate of each capacitor connected to one side of the circuit and the other plate connected to the …
The types of capacitor bypass protection depends upon the approach taken by utilities. They are given as follows: 1. 2. Metal oxide varistor (MOV) protection Air Gap with R-L Damping These …
parallel energy. This arrangement does not need as many capacitor units connected in parallel as bank with external fuses. Design of the capacitor bank The protection of shunt capacitor units …
A. Parallel compensation Parallel compensation means that a capacitor is placed across the terminals of the stator coil. Fig. 3 shows the equivalent circuit of one stator coil, a parallel …
Series capacitor banks consist mainly of the capacitors as well as their protection system and function to increase power flow on an existing system by reducing line impedance. …
Series capacitor banks are made up of series and parallel combinations of capacitor elements as required in order to achieve the desired bank rating. This chapter shows …
The most crucial parts of the series compensation transmission networks are protection, control, monitoring, and challenges encountered after adding a series capacitor into …
The mutual coupling between the parallel lines in the zero-sequence network is fully considered. ... Protection of series capacitor compensation model consists of a logically designed voltage ...
EMTP-RV [11], is comprised of two parallel lines L1 and L2. The line lengths are indicated in the figure. The two lines are paralleled at Buses A, B and C. Series compensation capacitors are …
Series capacitor compensation reduces a line''s total impedance. It improves voltage regulation, increases the voltage-collapse limit of the line, improves the first swing …
protection scheme using a spark gap (SG) in parallel with the capacitor. The spark gap can work as overvoltage protection and trigger to lower the voltage across the capacitor .
Overcurrent protection is a backup for current quick-break protection and doubles as overload protection for shunt capacitance compensation devices. Differential …
A spreadsheet can easily be constructed to calculate the required amount of compensation to achieve a desired power factor.. Capacitor Control. Where the plant load or the plant power factor varies considerably, it …
Series capacitors are applied to negate a percentage of and hence reduce the overall inductive reac-tance of a transmission line. The benefits of applying series capacitors on a transmission …