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The various energy storage systems that can be integrated into vehicle charging systems (cars, buses, and trains) are investigated in this study, as are their electrical models and the various hybrid storage systems that are available. 1. Introduction
The optimal scheduling model of mobile energy storage systems is established. Mobile energy storage systems work coordination with other resources. Regulation and control methods of resources generate a bilevel optimization model. Resilience of distribution network is enhanced through bilevel optimization.
The rest of this paper is organized as follows: Section 2 provides the characteristics of the most commonly used energy storage systems that can be integrated into e-mobile systems, while Section 3 presents the different power electronic models used to emulate the behavior of these storage systems in simulations.
Moreover, from the simulation results shown in Fig. 6 (h) and (i), the movement of the mobile energy storage system between different charging station nodes meets the transportation time requirements, which verifies the effectiveness of the MESS’s spatial–temporal movement model proposed in this paper.
During emergencies via a shift in the produced energy, mobile energy storage systems (MESSs) can store excess energy on an island, and then use it in another location without sufficient energy supply and at another time , which provides high flexibility for distribution system operators to make disaster recovery decisions .
Therefore, mobile energy storage systems with adequate spatial–temporal flexibility are added, and work in coordination with resources in an active distribution network and repair teams to establish a bilevel optimization model.
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